英语基础词汇与用法解析(A)
不定冠词a/an的用法很灵活。它既可以表示初次提及的泛指概念,也能表达"一个"的数量含义,不过语气比one要弱些。比如在句子中第一次提到某个物品时,通常会用a/an来引导。
ability这个词指代能力或才能。当我们说a man of ability时,指的是有能力的人。而the ability to do sth这个短语则专门表示做某事的能力。able作为形容词,常与be动词搭配使用,be able to do sth就表示有能力完成某件事。
about这个介词用法多样,可以表示"关于"、"大约"或"在...周围"等含义。be about to do是个常用短语,表示即将发生的动作。比如:We were about to go when it suddenly rained. 这个句子生动展现了正要行动却被意外打断的场景。
above表示"在...上方",其反义词是below。above all这个短语强调重要性,相当于"最重要的是"。比如在工作中,独立完成任务往往是最关键的:Above all, the work must be finished before nine by ourselves.
abroad指"在国外",常用搭配有go abroad(出国)和from abroad(来自国外)。当描述某人从海外归来时可以说:His parents have just come back from abroad.
accept和receive这对近义词容易混淆。receive只表示收到,而accept强调接受并认可。比如收到礼物不一定会接受:I received a lot of gifts on my birthday, but I didn't accept any.
accident指意外事故,by accident表示偶然发生。在交通出行中,a traffic accident是常见表达。according to则表示"根据...",用于引述信息或观点。
achieve表示达成目标,如:He hopes to achieve all the aims soon. across和through都表示穿过,但across强调表面横穿,through侧重内部穿过。比如过马路用across the street,穿越森林则是through the forest。
act作为动词表示表演或行动,act as指担任某个角色。其名词形式actor/actress分别指男女演员。action是行为的意思,take action表示采取行动:We must take action right now, otherwise we'll be late.
active形容积极主动的状态,take an active part in指积极参与。但参与社会活动也要量力而行:I don't think everyone should take an active part in the social activities.
add表示增加,有多种搭配:add to(增添)、add up(合计)、add...to...(把...加到...)。address是地址的意思,在填写资料时经常用到。
advantage指优点或好处,advertisement则是广告的正式说法。日常交流中常用缩写ad,比如招聘广告可以说want ad。advice表示建议,常用搭配有give advice(提建议)和take advice(采纳建议)。
advise是动词形式的建议,常用结构advise sb to do sth:My teacher advised me to do more reading. afford表示负担得起,常用于否定句:Mary was not able to afford a new car.
afraid表达害怕或担心,be afraid of后接害怕的事物:Don't be afraid of asking for help from others. 表示担心某人则用be afraid for:I'm afraid for my sister.
after表示时间上的之后,after all强调"毕竟":It has turned out to be a nice day after all. afternoon的介词搭配要注意,泛指用in,具体某天下午用on。
again表示再次,again and again强调反复:I called him again and again, but he didn't answer the telephone. against可以表示反对或倚靠:If no one is against this plan, let's carry it out.
age指年龄或时代,at the age of表示在某个年龄:He looks older for his age because of years of hard work. ago和before都表示以前,但ago从现在算起用于过去时,before从过去某时算起用于过去完成时。
agree表示同意,agree to接计划或建议:Do you agree to this agreement? agree with接人或观点:I don't agree with what you said. agree on指达成一致。
air是空气,by air表示乘飞机。alive形容活着的状态,all表示全部,有all day(整天)、all kinds of(各种)等常用搭配。
allow表示允许,结构为allow sb to do sth:Father allowed me to go to the cinema. almost指几乎,alone强调独自一人,注意与lonely(感觉孤独)的区别。
along表示沿着,all along指一直:I knew the truth of the matter all long. aloud是大声地,常用于read aloud(朗读)。already用于完成时肯定句,与yet(用于否定疑问句)不同。
also表示也,although引导让步状语从句。always指总是,America和American分别指美国和美国的人或事物。
among用于三者以上之间,between用于两者之间。ancient指古代的,and连接并列成分,angry表示生气。
animal是动物,another指另一个,answer表示回答或答案:I couldn't answer all the exam questions.
ant是蚂蚁,any表示任何一个,anybody/anyone/anything分别指任何人/事。anyway表示无论如何,anywhere指任何地方。
appear表示出现:It appears that he's lost interest in singing. apple是苹果,April四月,area指区域或领域。
arm是手臂,army军队,around表示围绕。arrive到达,接at小地点/in大地点:They arrived in Huizhou on time.
art指艺术,article文章或冠词,artist艺术家。as用法多样,可以表示比较(as...as...)、结果(as a result)、条件(as long as)等。
Asia亚洲,Asian亚洲的或亚洲人。ask表示询问或请求:He asked a policeman for help when was in trouble yesterday.
asleep指睡着的,fall asleep表示入睡:Though it is 12 in the night, I still find it hard to fall asleep. at表示时间或地点,Atlantic Ocean大西洋。
attend表示参加或出席,attention注意力,pay attention to指关注。August八月,aunt伯母/舅母等女性长辈。
Australia澳大利亚,Australian澳大利亚的或澳大利亚人。autumn秋天,mid-autumn中秋。avoid表示避免:She should avoid eating too much chocolate.
awake指唤醒或醒着的:This morning I was awoken by my alarm clock. away表示离开,awful形容可怕或极坏的事物。